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New Zealand is updating its blood donation protocols, allowing more gay and bisexual men to donate under a new system that removes long-standing restrictions based on sexual orientation. The changes, led by the New Zealand Blood Service, shift toward a behavior-based screening model that applies the same criteria to all donors regardless of their sexuality.

Under the updated rules, all prospective donors will be asked standardized questions about recent sexual activity, replacing previous guidelines that specifically targeted men who have sex with men. The reform aligns New Zealand with a growing number of countries moving toward more inclusive and evidence-based screening processes.

“For the first time, all donors are going to be asked the same questions about recent sexual activity,” Sarah Morley, NZ Blood Service Chief Medical Officer, told The New Zealand Herald in an interview. “The benefits of that are that those questions help us replace current questions where we focus on men who have sex with men.”

“So rather than focusing on an individual group, we can ask the same questions, and we can manage every donor in exactly the same way.”

The previous policy deferred many gay and bisexual men from donating if they had been sexually active within a specified period, typically three months. Critics argued that such rules were outdated and discriminatory, as they focused on sexual orientation rather than actual risk.

The move mirrors similar reforms in other countries, including Australia, where blood donation policies have also shifted toward individual risk assessment. Stephen Cornelissen, chief executive officer of Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, noted the significance of these changes.

“Previous donor rules prevented many people from the LGBTQIA+ community from donating blood or platelets if they’d had sex within the past three months,” Cornelissen said.

“These latest changes mean many gay and bisexual men and transgender people in long-term, monogamous relationships will become eligible to donate blood or platelets.”

The policy shift is expected to expand the donor pool at a time when maintaining stable blood supplies remains a critical public health priority. It also reflects a broader trend toward aligning public health practices with principles of equality and non-discrimination.

Implementation details, including the exact timeline for the new screening process, are expected to be rolled out by the New Zealand Blood Service starting on May 4 in coordination with national health authorities.

In 2023, the U.S. FDA updated its blood donor guidance to prioritize individual behavior over sexual orientation. This shift implements an individualized risk assessment, determining eligibility based on a donor’s number of sexual partners and specific behaviors over a set timeframe. For more information, read here and here.

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